[리눅스 명령어] Unity Panel에 Launcher추가

출처 : http://www.geekyboy.com/archives/384

요약:
나는 아래 본문에 소개된 여러 방법들중에 Method2가 가장 편리하다 생각함.

1. 설치

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends gnome-panel

2. alias 등록하기
echo 'alias createLauncherIcon="sudo gnome-desktop-item-edit /usr/share/applications/ --create-new"' \
>> ~/.bashrc

3. 실행하기
$ createLauncherIcon

4. 시키는대로 값을 채워넣고 오케이

5. 이제 nautilus /usr/share/applications/아이콘이름.icon을 마우스로 드래그해서 Unity Launcher에 넣어 놓는다.

6. 이제 실행될 것이다.

Tip1:
4번에서 아이콘 이미지를 찾는데 종종 아이콘이 굉장히 깊숙한 하위 디렉토리에 숨어 있는 경우가 있다. 파일이 한두개가 아니라 수십개의 경우 다양한 경로를 따라가 노틸러스를 실행해 이미지를 일일히 보는 것도 장난 아닌 막노동이다. 차라리 모든 이미지 파일을 /tmp/images에 복사해놓고 원하는 이미지인지 확인할 수 있다면?
$ find . -type f | xargs -i{} file {} | grep -i image | awk -F":" '{print $1}' | xargs -i{} cp {} /tmp/images #이는 하위 디렉토리에 있는 파일들중 이미지파일만을 /tmp/images(미리 만들어야함)에 복사해 준다. 이제 직접 이 /tmp/images/에 있는 파일들을 눈으로 한꺼번에 보고 파일 이름을 파악하면 경로 찾기 끝. (단, awk 프로그래밍 언어를 이용해 콜론을 delimiter로 사용했지만, 이건 어디까지나 파일 이름에 콜론이 없다는 가정 하에만 사용 가능하니 주의. 만약 그런 경우라면 잘 풀어나가길 바란다. sed를 이용해 .png .icon .xpm .jpg .jpg 이후의 값은 무조건 스트림 삭제(?)하는 것도 방법)

그런데 gnome-desktop-item-edit파일을 이요해 만들때 xpm확장자의 이미지 파일이 기본 형식인 듯 하다. 만약 원하는 이미지를 찾았지만 png 등의 다른 형식이라면? 방법은 ImageMagick패키지의 convert 콘솔 프로그램을 이용하면 된다.
$ convert a.png a.xpm

Tip2:
그리고 nautilus 등의 디렉토리 탐색기를 이용해 /usr/share/applications/에 들어가도 파일을 지우거나 수정이 불가능하다. 반드시 관리자 권한을 부여받은 프로세스를 생성해야 함.
$ sudo nautilus /usr/share/applications/

Tip3:
만약 아이콘을 오른쪽 클릭해 run as root를 띄우고 싶다면 다음과 같이 한다. (ex. wireshark)
아래의 코드 내용을 적절히 바꿔 program.desktop 파일 끝에 append한다.

X-Ayatana-Desktop-Shortcuts=Runroot

[Runroot Shortcut Group]
Name=Run as root
Exec=gksudo -k -u root APP_COMMAND
TargetEnvironment=Unity

만약 이미 퀵리스트가 존재한다면 내용을 문맥에 맞게 추가하면 된다.

끝~

본문:

Add items to Ubuntu 12.04 Unity Launcher (quicklaunch)

The recent upgrade to Ubuntu 12.04 Precise Pangolin left me somewhat hanging when it comes to creating launchers on the desktop, and also in the Unity Launcher (also called quicklaunch in some places) for Zend Studio and PHPStorm. In Gnome prior to Unity in Ubuntu it was easy to right click the desktop and select Create Launcher to create icons on the desktop to launch applications or scripts, but in 12.04 that options is gone. So here is how I solved some of the issues.

I will cover adding Eclipse to the launcher, adding Zend Studio to the launcher, and PHPStorm to the launcher.

Method 1

For Netbeans and Eclipse based editors like Zend Studio or Aptana it is not too bad. I created a *.desktop files for each one and put it in the /home/{username}/.local/share/applications/ directory. Here is how I created a zendstudio.desktop file:

Note: If you want this option to be available for all users you can alternatively create the file in the /usr/share/applications/ directory, but that requires root or sudo permissions.

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Zend Studio
Comment=PHP IDE for PHP development
Type=Application
Categories=Development;IDE;
Exec=/home/{username}/Zend/ZendStudio-10.0.0/ZendStudio
Terminal=false
StartupNotify=true
Icon=/home/{username}/Zend/ZendStudio-10.0.0/icon.xpm

After creating the file above I then launched Zend Studio by going to the Zend folder in my home directory and double clicking the ZendStudio executable. Once the application is running I right clicked the icon in the Unity Launcher and select “Lock to Launcher”. Now the application stays in the Unity Launcher.

The above worked for most applications, but did NOT work for PHPStormwhich launches by using a shell script named PhpStorm.sh. I tried doing the method above, and I also tried creating the desktop file and then dragging and dropping it to the Launcher, and that did not work either. (See Method 3 Below which works for PHPStorm.)

Method 2

Another method I found was to install the ‘gnome-panel’ package. (Actually it was already installed on my system for some reason.)

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends gnome-panel

With the gnome-panel I was now able to create a launcher on the desktop using the command below.

gnome-desktop-item-edit ~/Desktop/ --create-new

Create-Application-launcher-Ubuntu-12_10

In the create launcher dialog I filled it out as follows:
Type: Application
Name: PhpStorm
Command: /bin/bash /home/username/PhpStorm/PhpStorm-117.257/bin/phpstorm.sh

NOTE: You could use /bin/sh or whatever shell you use. I use bash so that is why I put /bin/bash.

To create a shortcut in the Unity Launcher I double clicked the new desktop launcher I created above. (NOTE: If you start PHPStorm by executing the phpstorm.sh you do not get any options at all when right clicking the icon in the Unity Launcher.) Then when PHPStorm was running I was then able to right click on the icon in the Unity Launcher and selected “Lock to Launcher”. Voila! Now I have phpstorm on the Unity Launcher.

Method 3

This option is built right into PHPStorm. The wonderful people at JetBrains created a handy item in Tools to automatically create a menu item for you. Simply click on Tools->Create Desktop entry…and now you can Lock to Launcher the next time you run it. Start the JetBrains PhpStorm IDE from the Unity Dash you can then right click on the icon that shows up in the Unity Launcher and select “Lock to Launcher”. The icon now stays there, even after a reboot/logout.

Update:

Method 4

See comment to this post below by Shinybird on using Ubuntu Tweak. (Not sure if it works, but it sounds good.)

Enjoy!!!

source: http://askubuntu.com/questions/118822/how-to-launch-application-as-root-from-unity-launcher

If you want the app to always run as root

1) Pin the application to the launcher as normal.

2) Locate the applications .desktop file which will be in either:

/usr/share/applications/APPNAME.desktop
~/.local/share/applications/APPNAME.desktop
or somewhere else, use locate .desktop|grep APPAME

3) Open with gedit:

gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/APPNAME.desktop

4) Change then line

Exec=APP_COMMAND

Exec=gksudo -k -u root APP_COMMAND

5) Save

This command will also keep your environment which is very usefull if you need to connect to others servers and use your private key.

To add a quicklist option to 'Run as root'

Follow steps 1, 2 and 3 above

If the launcher currently doesn't have any other quicklist options, just append this to the end of the document

X-Ayatana-Desktop-Shortcuts=Runroot

[Runroot Shortcut Group]
Name=Run as root
Exec=gksudo -k -u root APP_COMMAND
TargetEnvironment=Unity

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